Moed Katan 30

דמות דיוקני נתתי בהן ובעונותיהם הפכתיה כפו מטותיהן עליה מנודה ומצורע מה הן בכפיית המטה תיקו

[God says], "I have set the likeness of mine image on them and through their sins have I upset it; let your couches be overturned<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So MS.M.; cur. edd.: 'overturn their couches'. Cf. Ezek. XXIV, 23 and J. Ber. Ill, 1.');">¹</span> on account thereof".' What about one 'separated' [under a ban] and a leper overturning couches?

אבל אסור בעשיית מלאכה דכתיב (עמוס ח, י) והפכתי חגיכם לאבל מה חג אסור במלאכה אף אבל אסור במלאכה

Let this stand [adjourned]. A mourner is forbidden to engage in work, for it is written: And I shall turn your feasts into mourning;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Amos VIII, 10.');">²</span> [hence we say] that just as it is forbidden to engage in work during a Feast [festival], so is it forbidden to engage in work during mourning.

מנודה מהו בעשיית מלאכה אמר רב יוסף ת"ש כשאמרו אסור בעשיית מלאכה לא אמרו אלא ביום אבל בלילה מותר וכן אתה מוצא במנודה ובאבל מאי לאו אכולהו לא אשארא

What about one 'separated' [under a ban] in regard to doing work? - Said R'Joseph: 'Come and hear: "When the Sages said that it is forbidden them<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Those praying and fasting on account of persistent drought.');">³</span> to engage in work, [about themselves, bathe, don shoes.], they laid this down only for the daytime, but at night it is all permitted and [the same restrictions] you find also in the case of one 'separated' and a mourner. "<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ta'an. 13a; Tosef. Ta'an. 1, 6; J. Ta'an. I, 3 twice, and J.M.K. III, 5.');">⁴</span> Does not this refer to all those [restrictions]? ' - No, it is only to the other things, [but not to work].

ת"ש מנודה שונה ושונין לו נשכר ונשכרין לו שמע מינה מצורע מהו בעשיית מלאכה תיקו

Come and hear: 'One "separated" [under a ban] teaches [others] and others teach him; he is hired [for work] and others are hired by him'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 15a.');">⁵</span> You may infer from that. What about a leper engaging in work? - Let this stand [adjourned].

אבל אסור ברחיצה דכתיב (שמואל ב יד, ב) ואל תסוכי שמן ורחיצה בכלל סיכה

A mourner is forbidden to wash himself, as it is written, And anoint not thyself with oil,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' II Sam. XIV, 2.');">⁶</span> and bathing is implied in anointing.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Ruth III, 3 and Yoma76.');">⁷</span> What about one 'separated' [under a ban] bathing? - Said R'Joseph, Come and hear: 'When the Sages said that it is forbidden then, to wash [on the fast day] they meant only in regard to washing the whole body, but one is permitted to wash one's face, hands or feet, and [the same restrictions] you find also in the case of one "separated" [under a ban] and a mourner'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra p. 92, nn. 5 and 6.');">⁸</span>

מנודה מהו ברחיצה אמר רב יוסף ת"ש כשאמרו אסור ברחיצה לא אמרו אלא כל גופו אבל פניו ידיו ורגליו מותר וכן אתה מוצא במנודה ובאבל מאי לאו אכולהו לא אשארא מצורע מהו ברחיצה תיקו

Now, does not this refer to all the restrictions? - No, [only] to the others [but not to bathing]. What about the leper washin himself? - Let this stand [adjourned]. A mourner is forbidden to put on sandals [shoes], as the All Merciful ordained Ezekiel, And put thy shoes upon thy feet,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. XXIV, 17.');">⁹</span>

אבל אסור בנעילת הסנדל מדקאמר ליה רחמנא ליחזקאל (יחזקאל כד, יז) ונעליך תשים ברגליך מכלל דכולי עלמא אסור

which implies that for everyone else it is forbidden [to do so]. What about one 'separated" [under a ban] putting on sandals? - Said R'Joseph, Come and hear: 'When the Sages said that it is forbidden then, [on the fast day] to put on sandals, they meant only in town, but on the road it is permitted. When, for instance?

מנודה מהו בנעילת הסנדל אמר רב יוסף תא שמע כשאמרו אסור בנעילת הסנדל לא אמרו אלא בעיר אבל בדרך מותר הא כיצד יצא לדרך נועל נכנס לעיר חולץ וכן אתה מוצא במנודה ובאבל מאי לאו אכולהו לא אשארא

When one sets out on the road he puts on [shoes], on entering town, he takes them off: and [the same] you find also in the case of one "separated" [under a ban]'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra p. 92, nn. 5 and 6.');">⁸</span> Now, does not this refer to all those [restrictions]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Including that of not wearing sandals.');">¹⁰</span> - No, [only] to the other.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Exclusive of sandals.');">¹¹</span>

מצורע מהו בנעילת הסנדל תיקו

What about the leper putting on sandals? - Let this stand [adjourned]. A mourner is forbidden the use of the [conjugal] bed, as it is written: And David comforted Bath-Sheba his wife and went in unto her,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Il Sam. XII, 24 and infra 21a.');">¹²</span> which implies that before then<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' During the period of mourning.');">¹³</span>

אבל אסור בתשמיש המטה דכתיב (שמואל ב יב, כד) וינחם דוד את בת שבע אשתו ויבא אליה מכלל דמעיקרא אסור

it was forbidden [him]. What about one 'separated' [under a ban] in regard to the use of the [conjugal] bed? - Said R'Joseph, Come and hear: All those years that Israel spent in the wilderness they were 'separated' [under a ban]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. 1, 34-35; 43-44. Cf Mekilta, Bo. Poem, based on Deut. II, 15-16.');">¹⁴</span> yet they used their [conjugal] beds.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. I, 39.');">¹⁵</span>

מנודה מהו בתשמיש המטה אמר רב יוסף ת"ש כל אותן שנים שהיו ישראל במדבר מנודין היו ושימשו מטותיהן א"ל אביי ודלמא מנודה לשמים שאני דקיל

Said Abaye: But, maybe, the case of those who are 'separated' by [displeasure] of Heaven is different because it is less serious? [You say], 'less serious'! But you argued [before]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra p. 90.');">¹⁶</span> that it was more serious? - He is uncertain on the point; [if you] go [and argue] this way, he rebuts it, and if you go [and argue] the other way, he [again] rebuts it.

קיל והא אמרת חמיר ספוקי מספקא ליה זיל הכא קמדחי ליה וזיל הכא קמדחי ליה

What about a leper, in regard to the use of the [conjugal] bed? - Come and hear, for it is taught: '[It is written], But [he] shall dwell outside his tent seven days',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XIV, 8.');">¹⁷</span> that is, he shall be like one 'separated' [under a ban] and like a mourner; and he is forbidden the use of the [conjugal] bed, as '[outside] his tent' means only [apart from] his wife, as it is said: Go say to them: Return ye to your tents.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. V, 27. Cf. supra 7b.');">¹⁸</span> You may infer it from that.

מצורע מהו בתשמיש המטה ת"ש דתניא (ויקרא יד, ח) וישב מחוץ לאהלו שיהא כמנודה וכאבל ואסור בתשמיש המטה ואין אהלו אלא אשתו שנא' (דברים ה, ל) לך אמור להם שובו לכם לאהליכם שמע מינה

Then could not one now by this [conclusion] solve the above question [on this point] about one 'separated' [under a ban]? - Said R'Huna<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec. Aha.');">¹⁹</span> son of Phineas in R'Joseph's name: Does it state [categorically] that he [the leper] is forbidden [like one 'separated']? It only states that he is one 'separated' [under a ban] and like a mourner in respect of other things and that he be [also] forbidden the use of the [conjugal] bed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra p. 93. ohnka oka');">²⁰</span>

וניפשוט נמי למנודה אמר רב הונא בריה דרב פנחס משמיה דרב יוסף מי קתני שאסור שיהא כמנודה וכאבל במילי אחרנייתא ואסור נמי בתשמיש המטה

A mourner does not send his sacrifices [to the Temple], for it is taught: Says R'Simeon, [It is written, An thou shalt sacrifice] peace-offerings<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' derived here from , to be whole, hale and at peace.');">²¹</span> and eat there,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These 'peace-offerings' were usually brought to the Temple by the pilgrims during the festivals (of Passover, Weeks and Tabernacles) and after the altar rites had been performed and the priests given their due portions (Lev. VII, 29-34) , the worshippers with their family group ate the remainder of the sacrificial meat in a state of ritual purity as joyous celebrants (Deut. XII, 6-7; 17-19; XXVII, 7) .');">²²</span> and thou shalt rejoice before the Lord thy God,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XXVII, 7.');">²³</span>

אבל אינו משלח קרבנותיו דתניא ר"ש אומר שלמים בזמן שהוא שלם ולא בזמן שהוא אונן

that is, one offers 'peace-offerings' [only] at times when one is untroubled,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'whole'. Cf. n. 1.');">²⁴</span> but not at a time when one is onen,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Supra p. 87, n. 6.');">²⁵</span> What about one 'separated' [under a ban], should he [then] send his offerings? - Said R'Joseph, Come and hear: All those years that Israel spent in the wilderness they were 'separated' [under a ban]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. n. 2 and Yeb. 72a. (12) Lev. XVII, 5. (Private peace-offerings) . V. however Men. 45b.');">²⁶</span>

מנודה מהו שישלח קרבנותיו אמר רב יוסף ת"ש כל אותן שנים שהיו ישראל במדבר מנודין היו ושלחו קרבנותיהן א"ל אביי ודלמא מנודה לשמים שאני דקיל

and [yet] they sent their offerings [to the Tabernacle]. Said Abaye to him: But perhaps one 'separated' by [the displeasure of] Heaven is different, because it is not so serious? [You say], 'Not so serious'! But you argued [before] that it was more serious! - [Abaye] being uncertain on the point rebutted it [either way].

קיל והאמרת חמיר ספוקי מספקא ליה ומדחי ליה

What about a leper, may he send his [sacrificial] offerings? - Come and hear: And after he [a defied priest] is cleansed<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. XLIV, 26.');">²⁷</span> - [that is, cleansed]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. verse 25; about the ritual sprinkling after being defiled by the dead (before one may enter the sanctuary) , Num. XIX, 11-13; 19-20.');">²⁸</span> after coming away from his dead near of kin - they shall reckon unto him seven days<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The (above) ritual sprinkling from defilement by contact with the dead was done on the third and seventh days after having separated from the corpse; but the use of the phrase 'they shall reckon seven days' instead of 'they shall sprinkle upon him' is taken to be reminiscent of the seven days for a leper on his recovery and his preliminary ritual cleansing, before leaving his place of Isolation (Lev. XI V, 1-8) , which were followed by another seven days of ritual purification before he may proceed on the eighth day with his final purification and atonement. (Ibid. 8-11) . Accordingly, the case of a leprous priest is read into the text of Ezekiel. For obviously it would be useless to cleanse a leprous priest (or layman) from his defilement by the dead while still being unclean as a leper, and as such unfit to enter the camp or sanctuary.');">²⁹</span>

מצורע מהו שישלח קרבנותיו ת"ש דתניא (יחזקאל מד, כו) ואחרי טהרתו אחר פרישתו מן המת שבעת ימים יספרו לו אלו ז' ימי ספירו (יחזקאל מד, כז) וביום באו אל הקודש אל החצר הפנימית לשרת בקודש יקריב חטאתו

- those are the seven days which he has to count<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a leper, 11 the course of his cleansing.');">³⁰</span> - and in the day that he goeth into the Sanctuary,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After having been purified from both defilements.');">³¹</span> into the inner court,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a priest.');">³²</span> to minister in the Sanctuary, he shall offer his sin-offering<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Prescribed for a recovered leper (Lev. Xlv, 19 or 22) ; or it might be translated, 'His (offerings for) cleansing' (cf. Lev. Xlv, 52; Num. VIII, 7; XIX, 9, 12, 19) . V. supra n. 3.');">³³</span>